Biochem Cloud

Matter is what organisms are composed of and elements are substances that cannot be broken down to other substances by chemical reactions. Isotopes are different atomic forms of the same element. Potential energy is the energy that matter stores because of its position or location and energy is defined as the ability to do work. There are many different bonds in chapter 2. There is a covalent bond which is the sharing of a pair of valence electrons by two atoms;there are the polar and nonpolar covalent bonds which are when electron are shared equally/unequally. Ionic bonds are when cations and anions attract each other.
Polar molecules are opposite ends of the molecule that have opposite charges. Adhesion is the clinging of one substance to another and cohesion when hydrogen bonds hold the substance together. The specific heat of a substance is defined as the amount of heat that must be absorbed or lost for 1g of that substance to change its temperature. Acids are substances that increases the hydrogen ion concentration of a solution. Bases are substances that reduce hyrdogen ion concentration of a solution.Organic chemistry is the study of carbon compounds.Isomers are compounds that have the same molecular formula but different structures and different properties. Structural Isomers differ in covalent arrangements of their atoms. Enantiomers are molecules that are mirro images of each other. Functional groups are components of organic molecules that are most commonly involved in chemical reactions.Monosaccharides have molecular formulas that are some multiple of CH2O. Starch is a storage polysaccharide of plants and a polymer of consisting entirely of glucose monomers. Lipids are one class of large biological molecules that do no include polymers, Fat is constructed from glycerol and fatty acids. Proteins consist of one or more polypeptides folded and coiled into specific conformations and phospholipids are similar to fats, but only have two fatty acid tails rather than 3. All these words are very important to the biochem chapters because they are the foundation of each chapter.