How does a Nephron work? & FREEMIND map of Kidney Function

A nephron works by filtering things out of the blood and then bringing it all back.
The nephron is the basic unit of the kidney. It is a long, narrow tube that is closed off on one end. Its ending is a long straight portion and is surrounded by capillaries. There are many parts of a nephron. There is the Bowman's capsule which is the closed end at the top of the nephron that is near the cortex. Then there is Proximal convoluted tuble which is the first spiral region that comes after the
the capsule (in the cortex). Then there is a long, thin loop after the tubule that is from the cortex all the way down into the medulla and then to the back, which is the Loop of Henle. Next is the distal tuble which is the second spiral portion of the nephron after the henle, the distal tubule is also located in the cortex.
The last is the collecting duct, which is a long straight portion after the distal tubule and is the end that is not closed of the nephron. The collecting duct extends from the cortex through the medulla. The nephron regulates water and soluble substances like sodium salts by filtering the blood and then reabsorbing what is needed.
In addition, the nephron has different types of cells with varying properties. This contributes to the significant comprehending of how a kidney works and regulates.
The nephron has a unique blood supply. There is the:
Afferent arteriole which connects the renal artery with the glomerular capillaries. The glomerular capillaries which are capillaries inside of the Bowman's capsule. There is also the efferent arteriole which functions to connect the glomerular capillaries with the peritubular capillaries.the peritubular capillaries are located after the glomerular capillaries and surround not only the proximal tubule,the loop of Henle,but also the distal tubule. Lastly there is the interlobular veins which function to drain the peritubular capillaries into the renal vein.

The Counter current System permits forming a concentrated urine, dilute urine and is an exchange of solutes between ascending and descending renal medullary capillaries which minimizes the solute washout from the interstitium.

Hydrostatic skeletons are structures found in cold-blooded organisms and soft-bodied animals that have a fluid-field cavity, the coelom, which are surrounded by muscles.

FREEMIND OF KIDNEY FUNCTION

SOURCES: http://www.acbrown.com/renal/OutLoop.htm
https://www.google.com/search?hl=en&safe=active&client=firefox-a&hs=Aq1&rls=org.mozilla:en-US:official&q=nephron&bav=on.2,or.r_gc.r_pw.r_qf.,cf.osb&biw=1441&bih=839&um=1&ie=UTF-8&tbm=isch&source=og&sa=N&tab=wi&ei=Pq1GT47vI4SsiQLU3OzaDQ
http://science.howstuffworks.com/environmental/life/human-biology/kidney2.htm